Agrimonia eupatoria
A tall, slender perennial with small yellow flower spikes and burr-like seed heads that cling to clothing, common along hedgerows…
Medicago sativa
A leguminous perennial forage crop with clover-like trifoliate leaves and small purple flowers, deep-rooted enough to draw minerals from well…
Pimenta dioica
The dried, unripe berry of a tropical tree, named for its flavor which resembles a combination of cinnamon, clove, and…
Aloe vera
A succulent with thick, fleshy, serrated leaves arranged in a rosette, storing a clear mucilaginous gel beneath a bitter yellow…
Phyllanthus emblica
A small deciduous tree bearing sour, vitamin-C-rich green fruit, one of the most revered fruits in Ayurvedic tradition.
Angelica archangelica
Tall, statuesque biennial or short-lived perennial with large celery-like leaves and rounded umbels of small greenish-white flowers.
Pimpinella anisum
Annual herb related to fennel and caraway, grown for its licorice-scented seeds.
Arnica montana
A perennial alpine plant in the daisy family with large, daisy-like yellow-orange flower heads atop a low rosette of hairy,…
Cynara cardunculus
The bitter leaves of the globe artichoke plant — a different part from the flower bud eaten as a vegetable…
Withania somnifera
Small woody shrub with yellow flowers and red berries; root is the medicinal part.
Astragalus membranaceus
Perennial legume with a fibrous root, foundational in Traditional Chinese herbal practice.
Bacopa monnieri
A small, creeping perennial with succulent, oblong leaves and pale purple or white flowers, native to wet, marshy ground.
Vaccinium myrtillus
A low-growing shrub related to blueberry, native to European moorlands and forests, bearing small dark purple-black berries.
Momordica charantia
A climbing vine in the gourd family bearing oblong, warty, deeply ridged green fruit that turns orange-yellow and splits open…
Actaea racemosa
Tall woodland perennial with dramatic white bottlebrush-like flower spikes.
Rubus fruticosus
The leaf of the common bramble, gathered separately from the well-known berry, with a long folk history as a mild…
Eupatorium perfoliatum
Perennial wetland plant with paired leaves that appear to be pierced by the stem, and flat clusters of small white…
Boswellia serrata
A branching tree native to dry, rocky regions, tapped for its fragrant oleo-gum-resin, which is collected as hardened amber-colored droplets…
Arctium lappa
Large biennial with broad leaves and hooked burrs; root is the medicinal/culinary part.
Calendula officinalis
Cheerful annual with bright orange-yellow daisy-like flowers.
Carum carvi
Biennial herb with feathery leaves; seeds are the familiar rye-bread spice.
Elettaria cardamomum
Tropical perennial in the ginger family; seed pods are the aromatic spice.
Nepeta cataria
Aromatic mint-family perennial, well known for its effect on cats but used differently in human herbalism.
Capsicum annuum
A hot chili pepper cultivar, grown as an annual in most climates, prized both as a culinary spice and for…
Apium graveolens
The tiny, aromatic dried seed of the celery plant, used as a culinary spice and traditional herbal remedy distinct from…
Inonotus obliquus
A dark, charcoal-like fungal growth (technically a sclerotium, not a typical mushroom cap) found on birch trees in cold climates.
Matricaria chamomilla
Low annual with small daisy-like flowers and an apple-sweet scent.
Phyllanthus niruri
A small, weedy annual herb with slender branches lined with tiny, opposite leaves and small flowers and seed capsules tucked…
Vitex agnus-castus
A large aromatic shrub or small tree with palmate, finger-like leaves and long spikes of lavender-to-violet flowers, producing small dark,…
Stellaria media
Low sprawling annual with small white star-shaped flowers, common in gardens.
Allium schoenoprasum
A perennial member of the onion family with slender, hollow, mild-flavored leaves and attractive purple flower clusters, one of the…
Cinnamomum verum
Tropical evergreen tree; the inner bark is dried into familiar cinnamon quills.
Galium aparine
Sprawling annual with tiny hooked hairs that let it cling to clothing and fur, small white flowers, and whorled leaves.
Syzygium aromaticum
Tropical evergreen tree; cloves are the dried, unopened flower buds.
Symphytum officinale
Large-leaved perennial with bristly hairs and clusters of purple-pink bell-shaped flowers.
Coriandrum sativum
An annual herb in the carrot family whose fresh leaf (cilantro) and dried seed (coriander) are used as two distinct…
Zea mays
The fine, silky threads found inside an ear of corn, between the husk and the kernels — traditionally saved and…
Vaccinium macrocarpon
A low, trailing evergreen shrub native to North American bogs and wetlands, bearing tart red berries.
Murraya koenigii
A small tree whose aromatic leaves are a foundational flavoring in South Indian cooking — genuinely distinct from "curry powder,"…
Taraxacum officinale
Familiar perennial weed with a deep taproot and yellow composite flowers.
